Character Details
kidney and adrenal gland separate
separation position of the kidney and the adrenal gland
Huxley's foramen
Huxley's foramen, a hole in the distal end of the extracolumella (a cartilaginous extension of the stapes that contacts the tympanum)
temporal muscles attach dorsolaterally
temporal (back, side of head) muscles originating on the dorsolateral (top, side) surface of the skull table
quadrate emarginated for tympanum
quadrate bone of skull deeply emarginated posteriorly, supporting a tympanum (ear drum) in its deep posterior emargination
slender stapes
slender stapes, modified to function as a middle ear ossicle to transmit high-frequency air-borne sounds from the tympanum to the inner ear
large retroarticular process
large retroarticular process on back of lower jaw, forming the attachment for the muscles that open the lower jaw
loss of cleithrum
loss of cleithrum, a dermal bone located on the anterior edge of the scapula (shoulder blade), dorsal to the clavicle (collar bone)
hook-shaped fifth metatarsal
hook-shaped fifth metatarsal (main bone in foot for the fifth toe)
+-Deuterostomata
+-Echinodermata
+-Hemichordata
+-Chordata
+-Urochordata
+-Cephalochordata
+-Craniata
+-Mixinoidea
+-Vertebrata
| +-Hyperoartia
| +-Jawless Fishes
+-Gnathostomata
+-Placodermi
+-Chondrichthyes
+-Teleostomi
+-Acanthodii
+-Osteichthyes
+-Actinopterygii
+-Sarcopterygii
| +-Coelacanthimorpha
| +-Dipnoi
+-Tetrapoda
+-Amphibia
+-Amniota
+-Synapsida
| +-Primitive Synapsids
| +-Mammalia
| +-Monotremata
| +-Marsupialia
| +-Eutheria
| +-Edentata
| +-Glires
| +-Archonta
| +-Insectivora
| +-Carnivora
| +-Ungulata
+-Reptilia
| +-Testudines
+-Diapsida
+-Primitive Diapsids
+-SAURIA <<<<< Taxon for this page
+-Ichthyosauria
+-Sauropterygia
+-Lepidosauromorpha
+-Archosauromorpha
+-Crocodylomorpha
+-Pterosauria
+-Dinosauria
